N3Chapter 51Unit 3 · Purpose, Cause, and Evidence

Results and Logical Conclusions

Learning objectives

  • Report the outcome of an action or investigation.
  • Use observable facts as grounds for a conclusion.
  • Explain what known information logically means.
N3 context
A reason answers “why”; a conclusion answers “what follows from this information?” This chapter moves from events to outcomes, then from evidence to interpretation.
Vocabulary語彙
6 terms

  • 調査

    noun

    ちょうさ

    investigation; survey

  • 結果

    noun

    けっか

    result

  • 判明する

    verb

    はんめいする

    to become clear

  • 根拠

    noun

    こんきょ

    basis; grounds

  • 共通

    adj

    きょうつう

    common; shared

  • 減少

    noun

    げんしょう

    decrease

Kanji in context漢字

Evidence and outcomes

結

tie; result

  • 結果 （けっか）

    result

  • 結論 （けつろん）

    conclusion

査

inspect

  • 調査 （ちょうさ）

    survey

  • 検査 （けんさ）

    inspection; test

1. From action to outcome

Pattern contrast使い分け

Result or evidential basis?

V-た結果／Nの結果

neutral–formal

as a result of

Presents the outcome after an action, process, or investigation has run its course.

話し合った結果、計画を延期することになった。

As a result of the discussion, the plan was postponed.

plain form + ことから

written

from the fact that; based on

Treats a fact, feature, or observation as evidence for a name, judgement, or inference.

形が星に似ていることから、この名前が付けられた。

It was given this name because its shape resembles a star.

plain form + わけだ

explanatory

that explains it; naturally it follows

The speaker reaches or confirms a logical conclusion from information already presented.

十年日本に住んでいたんですか。日本語が自然なわけですね。

You lived in Japan for ten years? No wonder your Japanese sounds natural.

plain form + ということだ

neutral

that means; the information is that

Restates the implication or reported content in a concise form.

返事がないということは、まだ決めていないということだ。

No reply means that they have not decided yet.

わけだ is not a vague filler

Use わけだ when a conclusion becomes understandable from stated evidence. It does not simply mean “because,” and it should not introduce an unrelated opinion.

Guided practice練習

Build the relationship requested.

  1. 1.Report that a survey led to the service being changed.

  2. 2.The lights are off and the door is locked; conclude that nobody is there.

  3. 3.Explain that the town got its name from the many cherry trees.
Reading practice読解

Why the morning bus changed

local report

Target: 3 minutes
市が利用状況を調査した結果、朝七時台のバスが特に混雑していることが分かりました。駅へ向かう学生と会社員が同じ時間に集中することから、遅れも発生しやすくなっていました。そこで来月から二便増やすことになりました。つまり、利用者が最も多い時間だけ運行間隔が短くなるということです。
便（びん）
service; scheduled run
運行間隔（うんこうかんかく）
service interval
  1. What did the survey reveal?
  2. What will the timetable change mean?
Listening rehearsal聴解

Understanding a price difference

Listen for the fact and the conclusion drawn from it.

Listen before opening the transcript.
  1. Why does the speaker now understand the quality and price?
Key takeawaysまとめ
  • 1結果 presents an outcome after a process.
  • 2ことから turns an observable fact into grounds for a name or conclusion.
  • 3わけだ explains what logically follows; ということだ restates an implication or report.

Knowledge Check

Practice quiz
1 / 8

検査した＿＿、機械に問題がないことが分かった。